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This article summarizes the utility of farm pond technology as an adaptation strategy to overcome water shortage due to several reasons, including climate change. This technology has the potential to increase availability of water for supplemental irrigation, increase in cropped area and productivity leading to increase in net returns from crops. Farm pond offers a solution to overcome the increased frequencies of drought, particularly mid-season and terminal drought under climate change scenario. The article advocates for policy intervention to promote one pond for each farm holding having an area of 2.0 ha at individual farm level or on community-sharing basis. Constraints for large-scale implementation of farm pond technology are also discussed.

Keywords

Climate Change, Drought Management, Farm Ponds, Rainfed Agriculture, Supplemental Irrigation.

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Assessing Unrealized Yield Potential of Maize Producing Districts in India

Abstract Views :281 | PDF Views:78

Authors

B. M. K. Raju ¹, C. A. Rama Rao ¹, K. V. Rao ¹, Srinivasarao ¹, Josily Samuel ¹, A. V. M. Subba Rao ¹, M. Osman ¹, M. Srinivasa Rao ¹, N. Ravi Kumar ¹, R. Nagarjuna Kumar ¹, V. V. Sumanth Kumar ², K. A. Gopinath ¹, N. Swapna ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad 500 059, IN
2 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad 502 324, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 114, No 09 (2018), Pagination: 1885-1893

Abstract

The projected demand of maize production in India in 2050 is 4–5 times of current production. With the scope for area expansion being limited, there is need for enhancement of yield. This calls for identifying areas where huge unrealized yield potential exists. With a view to address the issue, the present study delineates homogeneous agro-climatic zones for maize production system in India taking district as a unit and using the factors production, viz. climate, soil, season and irrigated area under the crop. There are 146 districts in India that grow maize as a major crop. They were divided into 26 zones using multivariate cluster analysis. Study of variation in yield between districts within a zone vis-a-vis crop management practices adopted in those districts was found useful in targeting the yield gaps. These findings can have direct relevance to the maize farmers and district level administrators.

Keywords

Agro-Climatic Zone, Climate, Cluster, Irrigation, Potential Yield, Yield Gap.

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Alternative Sources of Soil Organic Amendments for Sustaining Soil Health and Crop Productivity in India – Impacts, Potential Availability, Constraints and Future Strategies

Abstract Views :251 | PDF Views:69

Authors

A. K. Indoria ¹, K. L. Sharma ¹, K. Sammi Reddy ¹, Ch. Srinivasarao ¹, K. Srinivas ¹, S. S. Balloli ¹, M. Osman ¹, G. Pratibha ¹, N. S. Raju ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500 059, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 115, No 11 (2018), Pagination: 2052-2062

Abstract

Among the several causes, critical low soil organic matter status is predominant for decline in soil health and consequent fall in crop productivity. Over the years, availability of traditional source of soil organic amendment, viz. cattle manure drastically declined due to various reasons (domestic uses as fuel and plastering of the kachha houses). The present study highlights that there are many alternative sources of soil organic amendments available in the country which have tremendous potential to improve soil organic matter status and crop productivity, and rejuvenate and enhance the dying total factor productivity of Indian soils. Data from various sources reveal that about 300 million tonnes of alternative sources of soil organic amendments are available in the country. This study highlights that the application of alternative sources of organic amendments directly or indirectly improves soil health by influencing many soil properties (physical and chemical) and enzyme activities (biological) that regulate nutrient dynamics in the soil. Consequent upon improvement in soil environment, the application of alternative sources of soil organic amendments alone or along with recommended dose of fertilizers registered significantly higher yield in different crops across different agro-climatic conditions of the country. Composting and vermicomposting are the best strategies to convert the biomass of available alternative sources of organic amendments to plant nutrient-rich products.

Keywords

Climate Change, Crop Productivity, Organic Amendments, Soil Health.

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